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Doctor Who Season 2 - 1994): The Police and You: A Survey of Lesbian and Gay Men in South Australia; Adelaide, Journal of Lesbian and Gay Community Action, Vol. As if that is not enough, when low income suspects are taken into prison cells, most of them tend to spend more time than they are required to because they cannot meet bail requirements Doctor Who Season 2. Doctor Who Season 2 - 2005): Australian criminal justice; Oxford University Press, pp 67-85. Doctor Who Season 2 - 2002): Women and the criminal justice system, retrieved from http://www. There are certain offences within the criminal justice system that denote discrimination against social classes. Also, when an individual has been accused of a crime that they did not commit, more often than not, they are forced to admit that they have committed it due to failure to access good legal representation. Doctor Who Season 2 - For instance, the public order offence is clearly targeting the lower class or low income groups because they are almost always the victims. These institution's inequalities serve to reinforce society's negative perceptions and only serve to victimise the lower class. This eventually perpetuates the cycle. 1998): Race, crime and region: the socio spatial dynamics of Aboriginal offending, Journal of sociology, Vol Doctor Who Season 2. Doctor Who Season 2 - Consequently, they are more susceptible to brush shoulders wrongly with police officers. It is true that certain societies have been stigmatised by society and are therefore receive harsher treatments in comparison to their counterparts from other social classes. Therefore, these communities tend to interact more with law enforcement officers than any other groups. Statistics show than in Australia, thirty three percent of female offenders remain in prison because of the bail issue Doctor Who Season 2. Role of social class in the criminal justice system. Doctor Who Season 2 - There is an underlying mentality that some groups are in fact criminal societies. Low-income families experience discrimination in almost all spheres of their lives. Doctor Who Season 2 - Some experts have asserted that the major reason behind these negative expectations of the racial minorities against the criminal justice system could be associated with the fact that there are higher crime rates in their communities. Doctor Who Season 2 - If this argument was true, then chances are that racial minorities living in communities with low crime prevalence may support the police. Doctor Who Season 2 - However, a top executive who has engaged in money laundering proceedings may get away with the crime after restitution. For instance some people assert that the reason behind increased arrests of lower classes could have been brought about by the lack of infrastructural facilities Doctor Who Season 2. The police are particularly fond of targeting areas where low income families reside with the intent of suppressing their †Doctor Who Season 2. Doctor Who Season 2 - 1997): Racial differences in attitudes toward the police; The Public Opinion Quarterly, Vol. Doctor Who Season 2 - , (1994): Lesbian and Gay Inequality: The Anti-Vilification Measures; Journal of Australasian Lesbian and Gay Law; Vol. Doctor Who Season 2 - Taking the example of a minor offence committed by a single mother- if it happens that this parent was trying to look out for her son- it will not matter because she may get imprisoned for five years. Doctor Who Season 2 - Additionally, the criminal justice system tends to responds slowly to female related violence and to gay violence too. But this is not the case, almost all racial minorities still despise law enforcement officers even when they come from posh societies. By allowing courts, police officers to continue with this practice, the country is denying these groups their due rights and is therefore hindering overall progress. Doctor Who Season 2 - The Australian society is plagued by many inequalities that are quite visible within the criminal justice system. et al (2000): The Myth of Social Class and Crime Revisited; journal of Criminology, Vol Doctor Who Season 2. Doctor Who Season 2 - au/publications/proceedings/16/intro2. All these inequalities imply that the Australian criminal justice system is in dire need of reform Doctor Who Season 2. Statistics show that aboriginal Australians and other ethnic minorities in Australia tend to receive harsher penalties and more suspicion from law enforces than typical Australians do. Doctor Who Season 2 - For instance, during the reporting phase, lower income groups are more likely to be treated with suspicion than other groups. Doctor Who Season 2 - The issue of the prison systems also brings out some of the underlying differences within the Australian society. 1995): Malign neglect: Race, punishment and crime; Oxford University Press, pp 43. As if this is not enough, law enforcement officers are always on the look out for such offences yet there are more grave offences at stake. Doctor Who Season 2 - 1998): Race, Gender and Class: An Anthology; Wadsworth Publishing, pp 13. The response of police officers to reported criminal cases among low-income communities is discriminatory. Numerous prisons within the Australian landscape are found in areas with minimal infrastructural facilities. Consequently, funds required to build infrastructure are instead redirected into the criminal justice system hence starving people off the much-needed economic development Doctor Who Season 2. Doctor Who Season 2 - But even before examining the nature of police responses, the number of low income persons who report criminal cases to the police are staggeringly low. The criminal justice system is guilty of reinforcing societal attitudes towards economically challenged citizens in Australia Doctor Who Season 2. Consequently, the problem with the Australian criminal systems starts with the roots. Actually, some psychologists argue that the system is tailored towards the upper class while the lower class has been marginalised by it Doctor Who Season 2. Doctor Who Season 2 - This goes to show that the criminal justice system is reinforcing society's negative perceptions of the aboriginal people and that much has to be done with regard to police response to this group and other racial minorities.